in which environment is the most suitable for mexican salamanders live for long period of time

The most suitable environment for Mexican salamanders, specifically axolotls, to live long term is within carefully maintained and controlled natural freshwater ecosystems or in purpose-built artificial environments such as aquariums set up with specific conditions closely mimicking their natural habitat. Here are the key features that make an environment ideal for long-term axolotl habitation:

1. Clean Freshwater: Axolotls require clean, well-aerated water with a pH level of around 7.5 to 8.0. Hardness should be below 4 dGH (degrees German Hard); unchlorinated, deionized, or rainwater is preferable.

2. Temperature Control: They thrive at temperatures between 62°F to 75°F (16.6°C to 23.8°C). Sudden changes in temperature can be harmful.

3. Waterflow and Oxygen: While axolotls can tolerate still water, good circulation or filtration that provides ample oxygen is beneficial for maintaining water quality and overall health.

4. Shelter and hiding places: For swimming and resting, they need underwater vegetation, rocks, caves, and other structures that mimic their natural surroundings. These also help reduce stress.

5. Low Light Environments: Axolotls prefer dimly lit environments but also need periods of low-level light exposure, which can be achieved with soft lighting.

6. Proper Diet: A varied diet including worms, insects, brine shrimp, and pellets formulated especially for axolotls contributes to their long-term health.

7. Minimal Pollutants: Free from contaminants, such as heavy metals and pesticides that can be found in some bodies of water near human settlements.

For domestic users and hobbyists, specially adapted aquaria with these criteria can mimic the optimal conditions and provide a stable home for axolotls. In a conservation context, protected areas within their native range that offer these habitat characteristics are critical for preserving axolotl populations in the wild. Such environmental controls and management strategies help ensure the long-term survival and breeding of axolotls.